Political Violence Essays - 2069 Words

Political violence is the leading cause of wars today. Personal agendas have led to many of the political objectives that cause violence today this has caused many problems throughout the world and will continue to do so until a solution to this issue is found. Political objectives have been advanced involuntarily dependent upon the kind of government a nation exercises. For instance, in a democratic nation political groups must worry about convincing the majority in order to advance ethically. Those who try to influence the majority through acts of violence are considered today as â€Å"terror† organizations. Though perhaps if it were not because of the recent 9/11 terror attacks that maybe such warrants would not be seen as terror attacks,†¦show more content†¦The decision to engage in terrorism can occur for many reasons: logical choice, political strategy, ennui with the elite, and lack of opportunity for political participation. Air India flight 182 was a flight operating on from Montreal-India. On 23 June 1985, the airplane operating on the route was blown up in midair by a bomb in Irish airspace in the single deadliest terrorist attack involving an aircraft to that date. Two men were known to have left two pieces of luggage for check in, but never boarded the flight. The incident represents the largest mass murder in modern Canadian history. 329 civilians died on the flight, over 270 Canadians. The bombing was the joint project of at least two Sikh terrorist groups with extensive membership in Canada, USA, England and India. Their anger had been sparked by an attack on the Golden Temple, the holiest Sikh shrine in Amritsar in June 1984. Sikh militants were seen preaching that Indian planes will fall from the sky and urging his followers to kill 50,000 Hindus. (Sikh extremism enters mainstream Canadian politics, 2007). On February 26th 1993, Al Qaeda members Ramzi Yousef, and accomplice Mohammad Salameh drove a rented van, loaded with explosives into the basement parking lot of the World Trade Center in New York City. The van exploded, killing 6 innocent civilians andShow MoreRelatedThe Common Thread That Weave Violent Political Violence1812 Words   |  8 Pageshealthy fear -- or fear which has a protective function -- can evolve into unhealthy or pathological fear, which can lead to exaggerated and violent behavior. The common thread that weaves violent political movements together is fear. It is not the only motivating factor behind political violence, nor necessarily the most obvious, but it is virtually always there. Whenever we ask why people hate, or why they are willing to kill or die for a cause, the answer is invariably fear. -- James F. MattilRead MoreGandhi s Socio Political Thoughts By Non Violence2475 Words   |  10 PagesGANDHI’S SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHTS BY NON-VIOLENCE *Meenu Sharma Research Scholar, Dept. of History, Meerut College, Meerut Abstract— In the study of history of human civilization it is found that there was a continuous trend of torturing the weak by more powerful individuals or groups, exploitation of the poor by the rich and landed people, neglect of the illiterate by the educated people, socially overpowering women by men and as such injustices. Such social injustices are a constant source ofRead MorePolitical Violence : Violence And Violence2033 Words   |  9 PagesViolence is an aggressive action which harmed others and damaged others properties. All violence has implemented in order to satisfy political motives are called political violence. Political violence always use physical force to achieve a political objective in a protest movement or a guerrilla army. These organizations believe in using violence to accomplish their political aims. Also, governments would use violence to those protestor who are not agree with the policies or movements of governmentRead MorePolitical Violence2907 Wo rds   |  12 PagesContents Violence: 2 Violence in Politics: 2 1. Political violence in Pakistan: 3 1.1. Causes: 3 1.1.1. Inequality: 4 1.1.2. Illiteracy: 4 1.1.3. Social Injustice: 5 1.1.4. Poverty: 5 1.1.5. Intolerance: 6 1.1.6. Media: 6 1.2. Facts: 7 1.3. Trends of rising political violence in Pakistan: 8 1.4. Effects: 11 1.5. Remedies: 13 Conclusion: 14 References: 14 Results:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...15 Violence: In society when one person thinks ofRead MorePolitical Violence2896 Words   |  12 PagesContents Violence: 2 Violence in Politics: 2 1. Political violence in Pakistan: 3 1.1. Causes: 3 1.1.1. Inequality: 4 1.1.2. Illiteracy: 4 1.1.3. Social Injustice: 5 1.1.4. Poverty: 5 1.1.5. Intolerance: 6 1.1.6. Media: 6 1.2. Facts: 7 1.3. Trends of rising political violence in Pakistan: 8 1.4. Effects: 11 1.5. Remedies: 13 Conclusion: 14 References: 14 Results:†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...15 Violence: In society when one person thinks of violence, one usuallyRead MorePolitical Representation Of Political Violence1337 Words   |  6 Pagesembarking on a study of the representation of political violence in drama, it is essential first of all to establish some agreed-upon terms and frames of reference, and some reasonably stable understanding of the object of study. Political violence as a subject for dramatic representation can be seen as a special category of what is called political drama more generally. Political drama can be understood to include such ingredients as the clash of political philosophies and strategies in concrete situationsRead MorePolitical Violence in Africa8046 Words   |  32 Pagesï » ¿Abstract Africa remains a political exception in many ways: It is still viewed by many political observers and political leaders in other parts of the world as essentially if never explicitly referred to as such inhabited by savages. Even the fact that Africa is so often referred to in a monolithic or at least near-monolithic sense reflects a mindset that might most accurately be called colonial is a part of the way in which African political and social activity are assessed internationally, anRead MoreThe Main Threat to the Stability of the Weimar Republic in the Period 1919-1923 Came from the Political Violence of the Extreme Right1341 Words   |  6 PagesThe main threat to the stability of the Weimar republic in the period 1919-1923 came from the political violence of the extreme right There were many threats posing Germany in 1919, the political system formed on the back of failure produced resentment towards Weimar from both the extreme left and the right. Other factors linked to economic issues caused by war, such as hyperinflation and the war guilt clause which `led to much suffering for the German people through loss of savings and jobs andRead MoreReasons For Political Violence Occurs1592 Words   |  7 Pageschallenging to adequately explain why political violence occurs, but several political scientists have created theoretical explanations to help in the process. These explanations include the relative deprivation theory, cultural explanations, structural or institutional explanations, and primordialism. I personally believe that relative deprivation offers the most leverage in explaining why political violence occurs because it takes into account the variance of political violence and shared characteristicsRead MoreIs Myanmar A Greater Risk Of Political Violence?785 Words   |  4 PagesIn this memo I argue that Myanmar is likely to be a greater risk of political violence. From the theoretical perspective, there is a curvilinear relationship between the level of democracy and political violence; from the empirical perspective, the problems with legislation system, minority and religion, and natural resources lead to aggravation of violence. Before 2010, Myanmar experienced the transition from Autocracy to Democracy. In 2010, the Union Solidarity and Development Party in Myanmar

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Compiler Design 2 Free Essays

Outline s Refreshing †¦ Uncensored †¦ Groundbreaking †¦. The Dr. Wang’s original lecture: s s s s s Tutorial of Design Compiler s s Introduction Setting Up the Tutorial Graphical Interface The Alarm Clock Design Setting Design Environment Setting Design Constraints Overview of Optimization Phases Analysis of Report DC Tutorial – 2 Introduction s s s Introduction s s s s The Synthesis Process Design Compiler Products Synthesis Programs and Tools Design Styles Input and Output Formats User Interfaces Script Files DC Tutorial – 4 The Synthesis Process Start Rewrite Verilog Code Read in Design Set Attributes Set Realistic Timing Goal Check Design Errors No Yes Fix Bugs Change Constraints Modify Compile Attributes Ungroup Design Blocks The DC Products s DC Professional – No multi-frequency clocking, latch-based time borrowing, pipeline re-timing, critical path resynthesis, in-place optimization, and incremental editing s DC Expert – Include features for maximizing performance s FPGA Compiler – Targets only FPGA technology Optimize No Good? Yes Done DC Tutorial – 5 DC Tutorial – 6 1 Synthesis Tools HDL Design Analyzer HDL Compilers DesignWare DesignWare Developer Architectural Optimization s s Architectural Optimization Gate-Level s s Design Analyzer Logic Optimization Design Compilers Cell Library Library Compiler s s Arithmetic Optimization Timing and Area-Based Resource Sharing Sub-expression Removal Constraint-Driven Resource Selection Inference of Synthetic Part (DesignWare) For more information – HDL Compiler for Verilog Reference Manual Optimized Gate-level Netlist DC Tutorial – 7 DC Tutorial – 8 DesignWare s DesignWare Developer Provide a library of high-level design components – Adders, Multiplier, etc. We will write a custom essay sample on Compiler Design 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now s s The HDL compiler will select the proper components for you based on your timing and area goals See Documentation Collection (open collection) – Synopsys DesignWare 1997. 01 s Create DesignWare Libraries DC Tutorial – 9 DC Tutorial – 10 DC Products s Cell Library s Library of basic cells used by DC – AND, OR, XOR, etc. s Optimize your design at the gate level Using selected cell libraries s For FPGA compiler, it may contain more complex cells – Xilinx CLBs, IOBs, etc. DC Tutorial – 11 DC Tutorial – 12 2 Library Compiler Design Styles s Yes, you can create your own cell libraries s s Hierarchical or Flatten Combinational or Sequential DC Tutorial – 13 DC Tutorial – 14 Input Formats s s s s Output Formats s s s s s VHDL Verilog PLA EDIF 2. 00 Xilinx XNF s Synopsys binary format (. db files) VHDL Verilog EDIF 2. 00 Equation, LSI Logic, Mentor Graphics, PLA, state table, Tegas formats Xilinx XNF format DC Tutorial – 15 DC Tutorial – 16 User Interfaces s Scripts s shell dc_shell – – – – – – – – – unix-like command shell dc_shell quit dc_shell cd my_dir dc_shell alias wv write -f verilog dc_shell pwd dc_shell history n dc_shell list -command dc_shell man dc_shell sh â€Å"lpr † s s s s shell design_analyzer graphical interface DC Tutorial – 17 A set of command can be put together into a file called â€Å"script† Then, you don’t need to re-type some the commands again and again when using the dc_shell Scripts for this tutorial will be provided for your reference You can run them when you are home witho ut the X-window capability DC Tutorial – 18 3 Locate Documentation s s s s s s s shell design_analyzer select Help – On-Line Documentation †¦. Ignore the square window with â€Å"Titles† – select Cancel to close it – focus on the one with â€Å"File, Edit, View †¦Ã¢â‚¬  select File – Open Collection select Synopsys Synthesis Tools 1997. 1 and then click OK select Documents Formatted for Printing and then click Open In the â€Å"File, Edit, View †¦Ã¢â‚¬  window, now you can select a list of on-line documents DC Tutorial – 19 Setting Up the Tutorial Setting Up the Tutorial s s s s Creating The Directories s cp -r /baby/synopsys/doc/syn/tutorial . Home Directory tutorial Creating the directories Setting paths and aliases Creating a start-up file Running tutorial with scripts db/ verilog/ vhdl/ appendix_A/ Script files work (empty) DC Tutorial – 21 DC Tutorial – 22 Path s s .synopsys_dc. setup file % sour ce /usr/local/bin/setup. synopsys Or you can put it in . cshrc file – % source . cshrc – % rehash s s You can take a look of the setup file – % more /usr/local/bin/setup. synopsys s Creating a . synopsys_dc. setup file can overwrite system default settings % cp ~/tutorial/. sysnopsys_dc. setup ~/. synopsys_dc. setup % vi ~/. synopsys_dc. setup – company = â€Å"Motorola Somerset†; – designer = â€Å"CEO†; – view_background = â€Å"while†; s It basically setup the right environmental variables for you DC Tutorial – 23 DC Tutorial – 24 4 More about setup file s Scripts s s % more . synopsys_dc. setup – search_path = { } + search_path – link_library †¦ target_library †¦ symbol_library †¦ define_design_lib †¦ s s s s s search_path = {a directory} + search_path – if you cp tutorial into a directory other than home link_library: location of subdesgins referenced by the design target_library: identify technology libraries symbol_library: identify symbols library for generating/viewing schematics define_design_lib: identify a temporary place to store intermediate files created by the analyzer DC Tutorial – 25 No X-Window, No Problem Find script files in ~/tutorial/appendix_A/. See Design Analyzer Reference Manual for more detail DC Tutorial – 26 Graphical Interface s s Start: % design_analyzer Quit: Select File – Quit Menu Bar Graphical Interface View Buttons Level Buttons Scroll Bar Message Area (view_background = â€Å"while†;) View Window DC Tutorial – 28 Mouse Buttons s Check Default Setup s Setup – Defaults †¦ Left Button – Select design and design objects s Mid Button – Add or remove objects from a group of objects already selected s Right Button Bring up the pop-up menu DC Tutorial – 29 DC Tutorial – 30 5 Read in a Design s Save a Design s File – – analyze elaborate – read File – Save or Save As †¦ – Once a design is selected s analyze : – read in VHDL/Verilog; check for syntax and synthesizale logic; store as intermediate formats – Use to read each sub-design + top level design s elaborate : – create the design from intermediate formats; determine the correct bus size; Use for top level design + sub-design with parameters passing in s read : read design formats other than HDL (db, PLA, tc. ) DC Tutorial – 31 DC Tutorial – 32 A Design Has 4 Views s s s s s Design View s Design View Symbol View Schematic View Hierarchy View T View (No Use) After â€Å"read† in all 13 verilog files in the tutorial directory – you first enter the Design View DC Tutorial – 33 DC Tutorial – 34 Symbol View s Schematic View s Select TIME_STATE_MACHINE and double-click on it - you enter the symbol view of the design Click on the â€Å"schematic view† button on the left hand side DC Tutorial – 35 DC Tutorial – 36 6 Hierarchy View s Design View Icons s s s s Click the up arrow (left hand side) to go back to design view; doubleclick on TOP; Select View – Change View – Hierarchy – TOP contains 6 modules Netlist: read in as a netlist and optimized to gates Equation: In VHDL, Verilog, or equation format that is partially or completely behavioral PLA: Specified in PLA format State Table: Specified in state table format Y=A+B 010-0 1-101 PLA State Table Netlist Equation DC Tutorial – 37 DC Tutorial – 38 Command Window s dc_shell Commands Setup – Command Window †¦ s For more information, – see Design Compiler Reference Manual: Fundamentals DC Tutorial – 39 DC Tutorial – 40 Design Attributes s Operating Environment Sub-menu s Attributes are values you set to control the optimization process – Select Attributes from the menu s The Attributes menu provide access to – – – – – – – Set input and output delays Set drive strengths set loads Characterize subdesigns Select operating conditions Choose a wire load model Create or modify a clock DC Tutorial – 41 Set design properties that describes the internal conditions of a design and the design’s interaction with its surrounding – drive strength on ports – the time that signals arrive on ports – load driven by output ports DC Tutorial – 42 7 Optimization Constraints s Design Optimization s Set the goal for design optimization – largest delay allowed – greatest area allowed Select Tools – Design Optimization – See Design Compiler Reference Manual: Optimization and Timing Analysis for more detail s Two set-constraint windows – Design Constraints window †¢ Goals for area and power †¢ Design rules implied by technology library †¢ Test-related constraints (testability) – Timing Constraints window †¢ Timing constraints s DC Tutorial – 43 DC Tutorial – 44 Locating Problems s Generate Report s Before and after optimization, use Schematic View and Check Design to locate problems – Generate schematic view – Select Analysis – Check Design – Jump to a design object †¢ Click on an error or warning message in the Design error window †¢ Click on the show button Analysis – Report †¦ DC Tutorial – 45 DC Tutorial – 46 Run a Script File s Setup – Execute Script – check out ~/tutorial/appendix_A/*. script – dc_shell include The Alarm Clock Design DC Tutorial – 47 8 How to cite Compiler Design 2, Essay examples